Abstract

Macroalgas desempenham um papel central na mitigação das mudanças climáticas e na regeneração ambiental marinha, devido à sua capacidade de sequestrar carbono e fornecer serviços ecossistêmicos críticos. Esta revisão crítica sintetiza estudos recentes sobre a contribuição das macroalgas para o carbono azul, destacando mecanismos de captura, armazenamento e transferência de carbono para sedimentos marinhos. A análise enfatiza a importância da biomassa de macroalgas como recurso sustentável, capaz de apoiar práticas de mitigação de carbono e restaurar habitats costeiros degradados. Além disso, são discutidos os desafios da gestão ambiental e da implementação de sistemas de cultivo de macroalgas que conciliem produtividade, biodiversidade e sustentabilidade marinha. Lacunas de pesquisa são identificadas, incluindo a necessidade de padronização metodológica, monitoramento de longo prazo e avaliação integrada de impactos ecológicos e socioeconômicos. Os resultados indicam que políticas e práticas de manejo adequadas podem maximizar os benefícios das macroalgas para a mitigação de carbono e regeneração de ecossistemas costeiros, reforçando seu potencial como ferramenta estratégica na conservação marinha e no combate às alterações climáticas.

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